This blood incompatibility only becomes a problem in the event that the baby's blood mixes with the mother's blood. It is not all that uncommon for mother and baby to have incompatible Rh factor blood types. In subsequent pregnancies the more advanced Rh antibodies produced by the mother will be more likely to cross the placenta and damage the baby's red blood cells. Major problems are more likely to occur in a second or third pregnancy with Rh incompatibility because the mother's immune system response will be more advanced and aggressive. This is because in the first pregnancy with Rh incompatibility the Rh antibodies produced by the mother's immune system are not as strong or aggressive. Rh incompatibility between mother and baby tends to be a mild problem in the first pregnancy and then gets more serious in subsequent pregnancies. This condition can become severe and cause serious illness, brain damage, or death in the baby. Anemia is a condition where there are not enough red blood cells to properly carry oxygen throughout the body. If the mother's Rh antibodies attack the baby in womb they will effectively breakdown the baby's red blood cells which could lead to life-threatening anemia. In effect, the mother's body will act as if she is allergic to her own baby. These Rh antibodies can cross the placenta and attack the baby's blood. This will trigger the mother's immune system to create defense proteins called Rh antibodies. If this mixing occurs and mother and baby have incompatible Rh blood types, the mother's body will treat the Rh factor protein from the baby's blood as a foreign invader or infection. However, a small amount of the baby's blood can come in contact with the mother's during delivery, abdominal trauma, bleeding during pregnancy, or from various prenatal diagnostic tests. Generally, the mother and baby do not mix blood during pregnancy. If the mother's Rh negative blood mixes with the baby's Rh positive blood, the mother's immune system will start producing antibodies that can be very harmful to her baby. Rh incompatibility between mother and baby during pregnancy can be problematic and create serious risks. Pregnancy and Rh Incompatibilityĭuring pregnancy, Rh incompatibility is a condition which occurs when the baby's blood has the Rh factor protein (Rh positive), but the mother's blood does not have Rh factor (Rh negative). Mothers who are Rh negative can have Rh positive babies if the father has Rh positive blood. Rh factor type is a genetic baby's inherit from their parents. If a pregnant woman has Rh negative blood and her baby has Rh positive blood, it creates a potential complication known as Rh incompatibility. However, during pregnancy a mother's Rh factor status becomes important because it may pose some health risks to her baby. Generally, a person's blood type and whether they are Rh positive or negative is not significant because it has no impact on their health. The remaining 15% of people do not have the Rh factor protein on their blood cells. About 85% of people have the Rh factor protein on their blood cells. Rhesus (Rh) factor is a genetic protein found on the surface of red blood cells. In addition being one of the 4 blood types, each person's blood is either positive or negative depending on whether they have the Rh factor protein. A person's specific blood type is based on what kind of antigens they have on their blood cells. There are 4 different human blood types: A, B, AB, and O. This occurs in cases where the mother is Rh negative and her baby is Rh positive. People who have this protein on their red blood cells are considered "Rh positive" and those without are "Rh negative." During pregnancy a mother's Rh factor status becomes significant because if it is different from her baby it can create a dangerous complication called Rh incompatibility. Rh factor is a specific type of protein that most people have on the outside surface of red blood cells in their body.
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